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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šumam | om šum |
| 2SG: | šumat | ot šum |
| 3SG: | šumeš | ok/ogeš šum |
| 1PL: | šumə̑na | ona/ogə̑na šum |
| 2PL: | šumə̑da | oda/ogə̑da šum |
| 3PL: | šumə̑t | ogə̑t šum |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šumə̑m | šə̑m šum |
| 2SG: | šumə̑č́ | šə̑č́ šum |
| 3SG: | šumo | ə̑š šum |
| 1PL: | šumna | ə̑šna šum |
| 2PL: | šumda | ə̑šda šum |
| 3PL: | šumə̑č́ | ə̑št šum |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šumə̑nam | šumə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | šumə̑nat | šumə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | šumə̑n | šumə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | šumə̑nna | šumə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | šumə̑nda | šumə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | šumə̑nə̑t | šumə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šumam ə̑l'e | om šum ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | šumat ə̑l'e | ot šum ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | šumeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš šum ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | šumə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na šum ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | šumə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da šum ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | šumə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t šum ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šumam ulmaš | om šum ulmaš |
| 2SG: | šumat ulmaš | ot šum ulmaš |
| 3SG: | šumeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš šum ulmaš |
| 1PL: | šumə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na šum ulmaš |
| 2PL: | šumə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da šum ulmaš |
| 3PL: | šumə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t šum ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šumə̑nam ə̑l'e | šumə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | šumə̑nat ə̑l'e | šumə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | šumə̑n ə̑l'e | šumə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | šumə̑nna ə̑l'e | šumə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | šumə̑nda ə̑l'e | šumə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | šumə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | šumə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šumə̑nam ulmaš | šumə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | šumə̑nat ulmaš | šumə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | šumə̑n ulmaš | šumə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | šumə̑nna ulmaš | šumə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | šumə̑nda ulmaš | šumə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | šumə̑nə̑t ulmaš | šumə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | šum | it šum |
| 3SG: | šumžo | ə̑nže šum |
| 1PL: | (šumə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na šum) |
| 2PL: | šumza | ida šum |
| 3PL: | šumə̑št | ə̑nə̑št šum |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šumnem | ə̑nem šum |
| 2SG: | šumnet | ə̑net šum |
| 3SG: | šumneže | ə̑než šum |
| 1PL: | šumnena | ə̑nena šum |
| 2PL: | šumneda | ə̑neda šum |
| 3PL: | šumnešt | ə̑nešt šum |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šumnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem šum ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | šumnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net šum ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | šumneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než šum ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | šumnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena šum ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | šumneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda šum ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | šumnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt šum ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | šumnet ulmaš | ə̑net šum ulmaš |
| 3SG: | šumneže ulmaš | ə̑než šum ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | šumneda ulmaš | ə̑neda šum ulmaš |
| 3PL: | šumnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt šum ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | šumaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | šumman |
| Active participle: | šumšo |
| Passive participle: | šummo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | šumšaš |
| Negative participle: | šumdə̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | šumə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | šumde |
| Gerund of prior action: | šummek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | šummeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | šumšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | šummaš |
| Negative nominalization: | šumdə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||